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<div class="pageheader">Sanskrit Transliteration</div>
<p>Writing Sanskrit words using PramukhIME is as easy as writing our names in English. For quick help, checkout the following image. This image shows which letter(s)
will be printed when you press a particular key (combination). Press F9 (or your preferred Shortcut Key) to switch between English and Sanskrit.</p>
<p><img src="../img/pramukhindic-sanskrit.png" alt="Sanskrit help"></p>
<p class="warning"><strong>Note</strong>: Typing is case-sensitive. Typing small "a" and capital "A" will yield different letters. Make sure "Caps Lock" key is not ON.</p>
<p class="ql">Quick Links:<a href="#vowel">Vowel</a>, <a href="#consonant">Consonant</a>, <a href="#vowelsign">Vowel Sign</a>, <a href="#digit">Digit</a>, <a href="#other">Other</a>,
<a href="#symbol">Symbol</a>, <a href="#rule">Rule</a>, <a href="#zwj">ZWJ/ZWNJ character</a>, <a href="#example">Example</a></p>
<div class="topictitle"><a name="vowel"></a>Vowel</div>
<blockquote>
	<br /><span class="sanskritchar">अ</span> = a, <span class="sanskritchar">आ</span> = aa, <span class="sanskritchar">इ</span> = i, <span class="sanskritchar">ई</span> = ee, <span class="sanskritchar">उ</span> = u, <span class="sanskritchar">ऊ</span> = oo, <span class="sanskritchar">ऋ</span> = Ri, <span class="sanskritchar">ॠ</span> = RI, <span class="sanskritchar">ऌ</span> = Li~, <span class="sanskritchar">ॡ</span> = LI~, <span class="sanskritchar">ए</span> = e, <span class="sanskritchar">ऐ</span> = ai, <span class="sanskritchar">ओ</span> = o, <span class="sanskritchar">औ</span> = au, <span class="sanskritchar">अं</span> = aM, <span class="sanskritchar">अँ</span> = aM~, <span class="sanskritchar">अः</span> = a:
</blockquote>
<div class="topictitle"><a name="consonant"></a>Consonant</div>
<blockquote>
	<br /><span class="sanskritchar">क्</span> = k, <span class="sanskritchar">ख्</span> = kh, <span class="sanskritchar">ग्</span> = g, <span class="sanskritchar">घ्</span> = gh, <span class="sanskritchar">ङ्</span> = NG, <br /><span class="sanskritchar">च्</span> = ch, <span class="sanskritchar">छ्</span> = chh, <span class="sanskritchar">ज्</span> = j, <span class="sanskritchar">झ्</span> = jh, <span class="sanskritchar">ञ्</span> = NY, <br /><span class="sanskritchar">ट्</span> = T, <span class="sanskritchar">ठ्</span> = Th, <span class="sanskritchar">ड्</span> = D, <span class="sanskritchar">ढ्</span> = Dh, <span class="sanskritchar">ण्</span> = N, <br /><span class="sanskritchar">त्</span> = t, <span class="sanskritchar">थ्</span> = th, <span class="sanskritchar">द्</span> = d, <span class="sanskritchar">ध्</span> = dh, <span class="sanskritchar">न्</span> = n, <br /><span class="sanskritchar">प्</span> = p, <span class="sanskritchar">फ्</span> = ph, <span class="sanskritchar">ब्</span> = b, <span class="sanskritchar">भ्</span> = bh, <span class="sanskritchar">म्</span> = m, <br /><span class="sanskritchar">य्</span> = y, <span class="sanskritchar">र्</span> = r, <span class="sanskritchar">ल्</span> = l, <span class="sanskritchar">व्</span> = v, <span class="sanskritchar">श्</span> = sh, <br /><span class="sanskritchar">ष्</span> = Sh, <span class="sanskritchar">स्</span> = s, <span class="sanskritchar">ह्</span> = h, <span class="sanskritchar">ळ्</span> = L, <span class="sanskritchar">क्ष्</span> = kSh, <br /><span class="sanskritchar">ज्ञ्</span> = Gy
</blockquote>
<div class="topictitle">Additional Consonant</div><blockquote><br /><span class="sanskritchar">क़्</span> = k*<br /><span class="sanskritchar">ख़्</span> = kh*<br /><span class="sanskritchar">ग़्</span> = g*<br /><span class="sanskritchar">ज़्</span> = j*<br /><span class="sanskritchar">ड़्</span> = D*<br /><span class="sanskritchar">ढ़्</span> = Dh*<br /><span class="sanskritchar">ऩ्</span> = n*<br /><span class="sanskritchar">फ़्</span> = ph*<br /><span class="sanskritchar">य़्</span> = y*<br /><span class="sanskritchar">ऱ्</span> = r*<br /><span class="sanskritchar">ऴ्</span> = L*</blockquote>
<div class="topictitle"><a name="vowelsign">Vowel Sign</a></div>
<blockquote>
  <div>
  <br /><span class="sanskritchar">ा</span> = aa, <span class="sanskritchar">ि</span> = i, <span class="sanskritchar">ी</span> = ee, <span class="sanskritchar">ु</span> = u, <span class="sanskritchar">ू</span> = oo, <span class="sanskritchar">ृ</span> = Ri, <span class="sanskritchar">ॄ</span> = RI, <span class="sanskritchar">ॢ</span> = Li~, <span class="sanskritchar">ॣ</span> = LI~, <span class="sanskritchar">े</span> = e, <span class="sanskritchar">ै</span> = ai, <span class="sanskritchar">ो</span> = o, <span class="sanskritchar">ौ</span> = au, <span class="sanskritchar">ँ</span> = M~ (Chandrabindu), <span class="sanskritchar">ं</span> = M (Anusvar), <span class="sanskritchar">ः</span> = : (Visarg)
  </div>
  <div>&nbsp;</div>
  <div class="rp"><strong>Note</strong>: Dotted round symbol represents placeholder for consonant character</div>
</blockquote>
<div class="topictitle"><a name="digit"></a>Digit</div>
<blockquote>
	<div>
	    <br /><span class="sanskritchar">०</span> = 0, <span class="sanskritchar">१</span> = 1, <span class="sanskritchar">२</span> = 2, <span class="sanskritchar">३</span> = 3, <span class="sanskritchar">४</span> = 4, <span class="sanskritchar">५</span> = 5, <span class="sanskritchar">६</span> = 6, <span class="sanskritchar">७</span> = 7, <span class="sanskritchar">८</span> = 8, <span class="sanskritchar">९</span> = 9
	</div>
    
</blockquote>
<div class="topictitle"><a name="other"></a>Other</div>
<blockquote>
  <div>
    <br /><span class="sanskritchar">्</span> = See example (Halant/Viram)<br /><span class="sanskritchar">़</span> = * (Nukta)<br /><span class="sanskritchar">॑</span> = $ (Vedic Udatta sign)<br /><span class="sanskritchar">॒</span> = $$ (Vedic Anudatta sign)<br /><span class="sanskritchar">॓</span> = # (Vedic grave accent sign)<br /><span class="sanskritchar">॔</span> = ## (Vedic acute accent sign)<br /><span class="sanskritchar">ॐ</span> = OM<br /><span class="sanskritchar">ऽ</span> = &amp; (Avagrah)<br /><span class="sanskritchar">।</span> = | (Devanagari danda)<br /><span class="sanskritchar">॥</span> = || (Devanagari double danda)<br /><span class="sanskritchar">₹</span> = Rs (Indian Rupee sign)<br /><span class="sanskritchar">卐</span> = +~ (Swastika sign)<br /><span class="sanskritchar">Zero Width Joiner</span> = ^<br /><span class="sanskritchar">Zero Width Non Joiner</span> = ^^
  </div>
  <div class="rp"><strong>Note</strong>: Dotted round symbol represents placeholder for consonant character</div>
</blockquote>
<div class="topictitle"><a name="symbol"></a>Symbol</div>
<blockquote>
	<div>
		The English symbols [ ] { } ( ) &lt; &gt; - + / = ; . , ' &quot; ? ! % \ _ @ ~  translate into the same symbols.
	</div>
	<div>Symbols &amp; $ # * : ^ |  have special meaning. You can type this way<br />
	<br /><span class="sanskritchar">&amp;</span> = &amp;~<br /><span class="sanskritchar">$</span> = $~<br /><span class="sanskritchar">#</span> = #~<br /><span class="sanskritchar">*</span> = *~<br /><span class="sanskritchar">:</span> = :~<br /><span class="sanskritchar">^</span> = ^~<br /><span class="sanskritchar">|</span> = |~
	</div>
    <div>These symbols will type Sanskrit characters first but if "~" will be 
    followed, it will remove previously typed Sanskrit character and then type the 
    symbol.</div>
</blockquote>
<div class="topictitle"><a name="rule"></a>Rule</div>
<blockquote>
    <ol>
        <li>Consonant is followed by vowel character to make live consonant.<br />
            <div class="example">Example<br />
            <span class="sanskritchar">क का कि की कु कू कृ कॄ कॢ कॣ के कै को कौ कं कँ कः</span><br />ka kaa ki kee ku koo kRi kRI kLi~ kLI~ ke kai ko kau kaM kaM~ ka:</div>
        </li>
        <li>Two or more consecutive consonants make consonant cluster. The last consonant takes the full form and 
        all preceding consonants within cluster take half form<br />
            <div class="example">Example<br />
            <span class="sanskritchar">स्वागतम्</span> can be written by typing 
            "svaagatam"</div>
        </li>
        <li>Special consonant cluster forms (ligature) will be created automatically if it is available in the font. 
            Look at the examples for clarification. All possible ligatures may not 
            be given in the example. Try typing the consonant combinations according 
            to ligature pronounciation and hopefully it will work. For example, try typing 
            "vidhyaa", "viDyaa", "vidyaa" to get the correct ligature for "dy" 
            in "vidyaa".
        </li>
    </ol>
</blockquote>
<div class="topictitle"><a name="zwj"></a>ZWJ/ZWNJ character</div>
<blockquote>
	<div>As per Rule # 3, ligature will be rendered. ZWJ and ZWNJ characters are used to produce alternate rendering of ligature.</div>
    <p>A consonant followed by ZWJ character will produce half-formed consonant character.</p>
    <div class="example">Example<br /><br /><span class="sanskritchar">प्रश्न</span> = prashna<br /><span class="sanskritchar">प्रश्‍न</span> = prash^na</div>
    <p>A consonant followed by ZWNJ character will produce dead consonant character.</p>
    <div class="example">Example<br /><br /><span class="sanskritchar">प्रश्न</span> = prashna<br /><span class="sanskritchar">प्रश्‌न</span> = prash^^na</div>
    <p>If two english characters are making one Sanskrit Vowel (i.e. ai, au), then 
    ZWJ character is used to separate them into two different vowels. It will not 
    add ZWJ character but only considered as the separator between two 
    vowels.</p>
    <div class="example">Example<br /><br /><span class="sanskritchar">ऐरावत</span> = airaavata<br /><span class="sanskritchar">अइरावत</span> = a^iraavata</div>
</blockquote>
<div class="topictitle"><a name="example"></a>Example</div>
<blockquote>
	<div class="example"><br /><span class="sanskritchar">सर्वम्</span> = sarvam<br /><span class="sanskritchar">कृष्ण</span> = kRiShNa<br /><span class="sanskritchar">पद्म</span> = padma<br /><span class="sanskritchar">कर्म</span> = karma<br /><span class="sanskritchar">हृदयम्</span> = hRidayam<br /><span class="sanskritchar">रविः</span> = ravi:<br /><span class="sanskritchar">वक्रता</span> = vakrataa<br /><span class="sanskritchar">संविधानम्</span> = saMvidhaanam<br /><span class="sanskritchar">&amp;</span> = &amp;~<br /><span class="sanskritchar">$</span> = $~<br /><span class="sanskritchar">#</span> = #~<br /><span class="sanskritchar">*</span> = *~<br /><span class="sanskritchar">:</span> = :~<br /><span class="sanskritchar">^</span> = ^~<br /><span class="sanskritchar">|</span> = |~</div>
</blockquote>
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